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Sound power describes the emission of sound from sound sources. Despite today's state-of-the art measurement techniques, the current sound power determination methods are restricted due to various limitations. To overcome these limitations, a new sound power determination method is proposed, aiming at the establishment of traceability in airborne sound. This will enable the characterization of a sound source by its free field sound power. The dissertation describes a study on the dissemination process, which will allow the sound power of a device under test located at a real surrounding environment, to be referred to its free field sound power. Apart from the sound power, the corresponding uncertainty may be estimated in a transparent way, where each uncertainty component is provided. The basic tool for the dissemination process is the substitution method using aerodynamic reference sound sources, applied to both sound pressure and sound intensity measurements. Initially, a theoretical investigation deals with the factors that influence the substitution method. Experimental results are then presented based on measurements using a specially designed scanning apparatus. The transition from calibration to in situ conditions and the required correction, due to changes in environmental and operational conditions, is then discussed. In the last section, the sound power level of devices under test is determined along with its related uncertainty, which is further compared to the up-to-date uncertainty values.

Engineering --- Acoustics. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- sound power --- substitution --- correction --- uncertainty --- traceability

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Wine traceability is a central theme in the current world market where consumers are increasingly demanding the quality and origin of food and drink. The wine production chain and wine composition are generally controlled by different laws (International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), European Union (EU), and national governments) and need specific documentation. Nevertheless, wine production is subject to fraud. Consequently, the improvement of the methods applied to verify the origin and quality of wines is very important to protect wine consumers and producers. In this book, eight different papers—six research papers and two reviews—address the topic from different points of view.

87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio --- high-resolution mass spectrometry --- polyphenols --- n/a --- red wine --- Primitivo --- data mining --- rare earth elements --- Amarone --- Raboso --- Tannat wines --- geological material --- vinification --- soil particle size --- metabolomics --- isotopes --- wine classification --- geographical origin --- fingerprinting --- feature selection --- wine authenticity --- support vector machines --- grapevine varietal identification and discrimination --- authenticity --- grape --- traceability --- IRMS --- Recioto --- geographical traceability --- geographic origin --- NMR --- sensory analyses --- Negro Amaro --- Chianti Classico wine --- ICP-MS --- markers --- multi-element composition --- wine --- bio-geochemical strategy

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Ocean color measured by satellite-mounted optical sensors is an essential climate variable that is routinely used as a central element for assessing the health and productivity of marine ecosystems and the role of oceans in the global carbon cycle. For satellite ocean color to be reliable and used in these and other important environmental applications, the data must be trustworthy and high quality. Pre-flight and on-board calibration of satellite ocean color sensors is conducted; however, once in orbit, the data quality can only be fully assessed via independent calibration and validation activities using surface measurements. These measurements therefore need to be at least as high quality as the satellite data, which necessitates SI traceability and a full uncertainty budget. This is the basis for fiducial reference measurements (FRMs) and the FRM4SOC project, which was an European Space Agency (ESA) initiative to establish and maintain SI-traceable ground-based FRM for satellite ocean color, thus providing a fundamental contribution to the European system for monitoring the Earth (Copernicus). This Special Issue of MDPI Remote Sensing is designed to showcase this essential Earth observation work through the publication of the project’s main achievements and results accompanied by other select relevant articles.

VIIRS --- SNPP --- NOAA-20 --- DINEOF --- ocean color data --- data merging --- gap-filling --- ocean color radiometers --- radiometric calibration --- indoor intercomparison measurement --- agreement between sensors --- measurement uncertainty --- field intercomparison measurement --- Hyperspectral reflectance --- validation --- autonomous measurements --- ground-truth data --- system design --- downwelling irradiance --- satellite validation --- Fiducial Reference Measurements --- water reflectance --- satellite --- calibration --- solar diffusor --- SDSM --- desert trend --- lunar calibration --- RVS --- MODIS --- Aqua --- ocean color --- water-leaving radiance --- atmospheric correction --- Sentinel-3 OLCI --- Copernicus --- ocean colour --- system vicarious calibration --- fiducial reference measurement --- Lampedusa --- MOBY --- MarONet --- radiometry --- research infrastructure --- uncertainty budget --- satellite ocean colour --- fiducial reference measurements (FRM) --- calibration and validation --- SI traceability and uncertainty --- European Space Agency (ESA) --- Committee for Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) --- fiducial reference measurements --- SI-traceability --- Mediterranean Sea --- BOUSSOLE --- MSEA --- hyper-temporal dataset --- optical radiometry --- coastal environment --- observation geometry --- remote sensing reflectance --- ocean colour radiometers --- TriOS RAMSES --- Seabird HyperSAS --- field intercomparison --- AERONET-OC --- Acqua Alta Oceanographic Tower --- remote sensing --- spectral irradiance comparison --- spectral radiance sources comparison

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The Mediterranean diet is well-known worldwide and recognized as a nutrition reference model by the World Health Organization. Virgin olive oil, prepared from healthy and intact fruits of the olive tree only by mechanical means, is a basic ingredient and a real pillar of this diet. Its positive role in health has now been a topic of universal concern. The virtues of natural olive oil, and especially of extra virgin olive oil, are related to the quality of the fruits, the employment of advanced technologies, and the availability of sophisticated analytical techniques that are used to control the origin of the fruits and guarantee the grade of the final product. To enrich recent multidisciplinary scientific information concerning this healthy lipid source, a new special issue of Foods has been published.

1H NMR spectroscopy --- EVOOs geographical origin --- extra virgin olive oil --- multivariate statistical analysis --- historical climate data --- olive oil --- biophenols --- Mediterranean diet --- pharma-nutrition --- cardiovascular disease --- authentication --- bioactive --- by-product --- glycolipid --- lipidomics --- mass spectrometry --- phospholipid --- traceability --- extra-virgin olive oil --- EVOO --- chlorophylls --- carotenoids --- pigments --- colour --- quality --- spectroscopy --- ultraviolet-visible light --- light absorption --- successful aging --- dietary fats --- authenticity --- cultivars --- triacylglycerols --- volatiles --- chemometrics --- extraction process --- innovative approaches --- ultrasound --- technological level of readiness --- varietal authentication --- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy --- polar lipids --- bio-phenols --- pharmaceutical molecular mechanisms of action --- primary public health prevention strategies --- healthy aging and longevity

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Depuis une vingtaine d'années, les démocraties occidentales se sont transformées en sociétés de plus en plus vigilantes et répressives. Elles se sont dotées d'un ensemble de règles qui réduisent la liberté des individus au nom de la sécurité collective. Si Orwell avait posé la propagande comme complément indissociable de Big Brother, il apparaît que le point d'orgue des politiques répressives soit la question sécuritaire. Or, celle-ci est fondée - comme l'avait également vu l'auteur de 1984 - sur l'existence d'un ennemi permanent (le terroriste, le pirate informatique, la grande criminalité, etc.). Dès lors, la contrepartie de l'exigence de sécurité est l'abandon d'une large part de la liberté. Ce livre s'intéresse à cette conséquence majeure pour le devenir de notre société en termes de surveillance individuelle. Il recense les diverses modalités de la traçabilité électronique de l'individu aujourd'hui et s'attache aux problèmes juridiques nouveaux qu'elles soulèvent, notamment en matière de protection des droits et des libertés, et de garantie de la vie privée. L'impact juridique et politique des nouvelles technologies telles que la vidéosurveillance, les cartes bancaires, les puces RFID, la biométrie, l'Internet et le piratage électronique, y fait donc l'objet d'une particulière attention. Une large place est également accordée aux techniques policières (systèmes d'écoute, fichage) et aux techniques militaires de surveillance (système ECHELON, système HERISSON) ainsi qu'aux méthodes plus subtiles de contrôle social en matière de communication. L'ambition de cet ouvrage est enfin de présenter la question de la surveillance d'une manière à la fois thématique, synthétique et documentée à partir des diverses technologies qui peuvent affecter tout un chacun dans sa vie quotidienne.

Security systems --- Electronic data processing departments --- Electronic surveillance --- Systèmes de sécurité --- Centres de traitement de l'information --- Surveillance électronique --- Security measures --- Sécurité --- Mesures --- BPB1210 --- Traçabilité --- Droits et libertés --- Nouvelle technologie --- Traceerbaarheid --- Rechten en vrijheden --- Nieuwe technologie --- Systèmes de sécurité --- Surveillance électronique --- Sécurité --- new technology --- nieuwe technologie --- ny teknik --- új technológia --- нова технология --- nowe technologie --- jauna tehnoloģija --- nuova tecnologia --- nova tecnologia --- nová technológia --- nueva tecnología --- teknologji e re --- nová technologie --- uus tehnoloogia --- uusi teknologia --- tehnologie avansată --- neue Technologie --- teknoloġija ġdida --- нова технологија --- νέες τεχνολογίες --- nova tehnologija --- ny teknologi --- naujoji technologija --- moderná technológia --- alta tecnologia --- Spitzentechnologie --- neuartige Technologie --- tecnología avanzada --- technique de pointe --- fejlett technológia --- advanced technology --- Hightech --- advanced technique --- kõrgtehnoloogia --- avanceret teknik --- alta tecnología --- progresivní technologie --- high-tech --- korszerű technika --- forkantteknologi --- teknikë e përparuar --- arenenud tehnoloogia --- spetsteknik --- špičková technika --- högt utvecklad teknik --- hoch entwickelte Technik --- arenenud tehnika --- high technology --- technologie avancée --- tecnologia de ponta --- висока технологија --- tecnologia di punta --- tecnica d'avanguardia --- avancerad teknik --- tecnologia nova --- geavanceerde technologie --- tecnología punta --- csúcstechnológia --- napredna tehnologija --- hoogontwikkelde technologie --- tecnica di punta --- speerpunttechnologie --- kehittynyt teknologia --- högteknologi --- teknologji e lartë --- τεχνολογία αιχμής --- pažangioji technika --- напредна технологија --- attīstīta tehnoloģija --- korkea teknologia --- højteknologi --- προηγμένη τεχνολογία --- technologie nouvelle --- augstās tehnoloģijas --- модерна технологија --- tehnică avansată --- haute technologie --- spitstechnologie --- tecnologia avanzata --- high tech --- aukštoji technologija --- attīstīta metode --- înaltă trhnologie --- spjutspetsteknik --- špičková technologie --- visoka tehnologija --- korszerű technológia --- moderná technika --- pažangioji technologija --- kehittynyt tekniikka --- fortgeschrittene Technologie --- tecnologia avançada --- hightech --- υψηλή τεχνολογία --- izsekojamība --- rastreabilidad --- tracciabilità --- ιχνηλασιμότητα --- spårbarhet --- identificare --- rastreabilidade --- vysledovateľnosť --- utvrđivanje podrijetla --- jälgitavus --- могућност утврђивања присуства --- atsekamumas --- Rückverfolgbarkeit --- traċċabilità --- nyomonkövethetőség --- identyfikacja pochodzenia --- sledljivost --- sporbarhed --- možnost zpětného vysledování --- jäljitettävyys --- можност за следење --- трасируемост --- traceerbaarheid --- traceability --- gjurmueshmëri --- ιχνηλασιμότητα των προϊόντων --- tuotteiden jäljitettävyys --- toodete jälgitavus --- gaminių atsekamumas --- spårbarhet hos djur --- могућност утврђивања присуства производа --- dzīvnieku izsekojamība --- gjurmueshmëria e produkteve --- Rückverfolgbarkeit von Tieren (Rindern) --- traceability of animals --- traçabilité des animaux --- spätná vysledovateľnosť potravín --- marcarea produselor --- tracciabilità dei prodotti --- ιχνηλασιμότητα των ζώων --- utvrđivanje podrijetla životinja --- spårbarhet hos produkter --- sporbarhed for produkter --- loomade jälgitavus --- traçabilité des produits --- herleidbaarheid --- ražojumu izsekojamība --- marcarea animalelor --- traçabilité alimentaire --- sporbarhed for dyr --- sledovatelnost zvířat --- traceability of products --- могућност утврђивања присуства животиња --- могућност утврђивања присуства у храни --- rastreabilidad de animales --- eläinten jäljitettävyys --- sledovatelnost --- az állatok nyomonkövethetősége --- tracciabilità degli animali --- utvrđivanje podrijetla proizvoda --- rastreabilidade dos produtos --- a termékek nyomonkövethetősége --- seostatus --- gjurmueshmëria e kafshëve --- gyvūnų atsekamumas --- opspoorbaarheid --- sledovatelnost výrobku --- rastreabilidad de productos --- rastreabilidade dos animais --- Rückverfolgbarkeit von Erzeugnissen --- zvierat, výrobkov --- inrianaitheacht --- nuatheicneolaíocht --- Traçabilité --- Droits et libertés --- technologie --- Surveillance --- Internet